This building, the former home of the Third Congregational Society, was purchased in 1854, partially with funds bequeathed by Judah Touro, and converted to a synagogue in 1856 for the Congregation Mishkan Israel. It became known as the Court Street Temple and was the first building used exclusively for a synagogue in New Haven. The congregation worshipped there until 1897 when it moved to its new building on Orange Street in New Haven.

The original building was designed by architect Sidney Stone, and Stone was again hired for the remodelling. The congregation elected to retain the steeple rather than spend a large amount of money for its removal. The synagogue was also fitted with a balcony for the women.

This picture was published in Vol. I of Jews in New Haven.