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"Japanese Music." Encyclopaedia Britannica; volume 12. Chicago: William Benton Publisher, 1964. 962-963.
Piggott, Sir Francis. The Music and Musical Instruments of Japan. New York: DaCapo Press, 1971.
Malm, William P. Japanese Music and Musical Instruments. Tokyo, Japan: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1959.
Shikibu, Murasaki. The Tale of Genji. Translated by: Arthur Waley. New York: The Modern Library, 1960.
Stanley Sadie. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Ed. 2. Volume 12. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 2001. 816-890.
Wade, Bonnie C. Tegotomono: Music for the Japanese Koto. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1976.
japaneseculture.miningco.com/culture/japaneseculture/
www.asahi-net.or.jp/%7Enp5y-hruc/kt-play1.html
Eguchi, Matt; and Liz Silos.
www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/printable/4/0,5722,117244,00.html
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
www.us-japan.org/jasnm/tsugaru/
www.michionline.org/resources/glossary/s/shamisen.html
Michi Online Resources
japanimports.home.mindspring.com
www.gergo.com/pauline/japan/kimono.htm
members.home.net/ramero/genji/genji.htm
www.genkienglish.net/genkijapan/koto.htm