Respiration Review - updated 10/30/2003

0. What are the four main stages of glucose oxidation in heterotrophs?

1. What type of molecule is ATP?

2. What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

3. Where do glycolytic reactions occur?

4. Name the reactant molecules meeded in glycolysis. What molecules are products?

5. Which reactant molecule supplies the activation energy for glycolysis?

6. What is the net ATP yield of glycolysis?

7. At what product is glycolysis completed?

8. Where does oxidative decarboxylation occur?

9. Name three different products of oxidative decarboxylation

10. The first chemical reaction in the Krebs cycle is ____

11. The final energy products (and number) of each turn of the Krebs Cycle are (ignore

water)

12. How many decarboxylations occur in the Krebs cycle?

13. Is the phosphorylation reaction in the Krebs cycle substrate level or oxidative? What is its product?

14. Each NADH produced in the inner matrix of the mitochondrion can enrich the

chemiosmotic gradient by how many protons?

15. List three characteristics of the proton gradient in the inner matrix.

16. FADH2 and the NADH produced during glycolysis are similar because_____

17. What is lactic acid respiration? Is it an arerobic or an anaerobic process? When does it occur?

18. Give the reaction(s) for alcoholic fermentation (starting with pyruvate). Why is this pathway needed by yeast?

19. What subatomic particles are added to NAD+ to reduce it to NADH?

20. How much ATP's are ultimately produced by the movement of two electrons through the

full electron transport chain?

21. Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain located?

22. How many ATP's does one completely oxidized glucose molecule produce in a typical

eukaryotic cell?

23. What is the function of the F1 particle-ATP synthase complex?

24. What is the last reaction at the end of the cytochrome pathway in oxidative

phosphorylation?

25. What is the difference between oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level

phosphorylation? Where do each occur?