2/4/98

test 1 principles of biology 003 key

1. C Which one of the following animal groups is least closely

related to all the others?

(a) Annelida

(b) Platyhelminthes

(c) Porifera

(d) Arthropoda

(e) Nemata

2. A Which one of the following invertebrate phyla was the first to

develop true tissue-level organization?

(a) Cnidaria

(b) Porifera

(c) Platyhelminthes

(d) Nemata

(e) Rotifera

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5. D Tapeworms are highly specialized worms that make their living as

endoparasites. To which of the following phyla and classes

do the tapeworms belong?

(a) phylum Annelida, class Oligochaeta

(b) phylum Annelida, class Hirudinoidea

(c) phylum Annelida, class Polychaeta

(d) phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoda

(e) phylum Platyhelminthes, class Turbellaria

6. skip

7. E As a group, acoelomates are characterized by

(a) deuterostome development.

(b) a body cavity called a hemocoel.

(c) a coelom that is not completely lined with mesoderm.

(d) gastrovascular cavities.

(e) a solid body without a cavity surrounding the internal

organs.

8.skip

9. A Which is the most primitive phylum that possesses the

evolutionarily advanced trait of a true coelom?

(a) Annelida

(b) Aschelminthes

(c) Cnidaria

(d) Arthropoda

(e) Platyhelminthes

10. D Which one of the following is not characteristic of all

molluscs?

(a) a ventral muscular foot

(b) a mantle

(c) a visceral mass containing internal organs

(d) an external shell

(e) a true coelom

11. A Which is the most primitive phylum that possesses the

evolutionarily advanced trait of body segmentation?

(a) Annelida

(b) Aschelminthes

(c) Cnidaria

(d) Arthropoda

(e) Platyhelminthes

12. B A characteristic found in the Annelida but not in the Nematodes is

(a) muscles.

(b) a true coelom.

(c) mesoderm.

(d) a pseudocoelom.

(e) a complete digestive tract.

13. D Which is the most primitive phylum that possesses the

evolutionarily advanced trait of jointed appendages?

(a) Annelida

(b) Aschelminthes

(c) Cnidaria

(d) Arthropoda

(e) Platyhelminthes

14. B Which of the following animal groups has the largest number of

species?

(a) Annelida

(b) Arthropoda

(c) Crustacea

(d) Echinodermata

(e) Platyhelminthes

15. D All annelids and arthropods possess

(a) mouthparts evolved from ancestral legs.

(b) primitive kidneys

(c) a closed circulatory system.

(d) ventral nerve cord(s).

(e) five pairs of aortic hearts.

16. A Suppose you find an interesting arthropod living on the bottom

of a freshwater pond. It has a pair of large compound eyes,

a single pair of antennae, mandibles, and three pairs of

walking legs. You conclude that this organism belongs in

the class

(a) Insecta.

(b) Crustacea.

17. A Which one of the following animal groups is least closely

related to all the others?

(a) Echinodermata

(b) Annelida

(c) Arthropoda

(d) Mollusca

(e) None of the above

18. E Which one of the following statements is false concerning both

chordates and echinoderms?

(a) Both exhibit indeterminate cleavage in early

development.

(b) The embryonic blastopore becomes the anus in both.

(c) Both have true coeloms.

(d) Both exhibit radial cleavage.

(e) Both develop pharyngeal gill pouches and a dorsal

nerve cord.

19. B The vertebrates are considered to have evolved from some marine

group of animals. This is because

(a) there are more marine species of fish than there are

freshwater species.

(b) the larval stages of lampreys (Agnatha) and all

vertebrate embryos possess pharyngeal slits like those of

tunicates and the lancelets (simple chordates)

(c) all vertebrate classes, except the amphibia, contain

groups that are predominantly marine.

(d) their body fluids contain sodium chloride.

(e) their peripheral (autonomic) nervous system has

ganglia.

20. and 21 skip

22. D Hinged jaws, a key innovation in vertebrate evolutionary

history, first evolved in which class?

(a) Agnatha

(b) Amphibia

(c) Mammalia

(d) Osteichthyes

(e) Reptilia

23. C The vertebrate class with the largest number of living species

is the

(a) Agnatha.

(b) Reptilia.

(c) Osteichthyes.

(d) Aves.

(e) Chondrichthyes.

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26. D An evolutionary innovation found in all reptiles but not present

in any amphibians is

(a) differentiated teeth.

(b) a secondary palate.

(c) lungs.

(d) amniotic egg.

(e) three bones in the middle ear.